The 180 degree rule means that, when filming the camera is always positioned on an arc spanning 180 degrees around the actors. This is to ensure that an invisible line is not crossed so as not to confuse the viewer. For example:
In this clip from The Intern (2015), the characters are established as:
Therefore, when there are close-ups on each character they are still facing the direction they were established as facing initially:
Therefore, the 180 degree rule is obeyed as the line is not crossed.
To explain this concept, we created a short video using this script:
However, some of the cuts turned out to be jumpy, but to avoid this, next time I would film each scene entirely with the camera in the same position and same frame size to improve continuity and the amount of choices I had when cutting the shots together.
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